Financial Inclusion on Business Runways (FIBR)

Year Started:
2016

Year Ended:
2019

Key Partners/Clients:
Mastercard Foundation

Area of Work:
Digital Financial Services, Inclusive Fintech, Livelihoods and Microenterprise, PAYGo and Essential Services

Countries:
Tanzania, Kenya, Ghana, Uganda

How can digital and financial inclusion at the last mile, change lives and improve livelihoods?

The Financial Inclusion on Business Runways (FIBR) Project, a partnership between BFA Global and Mastercard Foundation in Africa, was created with the vision to digitize the informal economy through micro and small enterprises (MSEs) using smartphones. The new data could then enable access to essential financial services such as credit, loans, savings and insurance for underserved populations by partnering with financial institutions.

By harnessing MSEs, FIBR aimed to identify the advantages and experiences of new partnerships between fintech companies and traditional banks (linkages). Against the promise of increasing smartphone penetration, decreasing cost of data, and widespread mobile money adoption, our hypothesis championed accelerating digitization to overcome the MSE finance gap. We learned that creating incentives for financial linkages were much more complicated and limited in achievement. At the same time, the rise of platforms and global focus on SDGs were changing the panorama in which FIBR viewed impact.

By reframing digital and financial inclusion through platforms, FIBR developed two fundamental insights that are relevant to financial inclusion and livelihoods:

  1. Platforms have “pull”. ​Platforms are digital onboarding new users and accelerating their digital and financial inclusion. Users have incentives to be digital consumers and along the way, discover income-generating opportunities as producers by selling products and services. In turn, platforms use merchant data to extend much-needed working capital to growing businesses, in the form of credit, loans, as well as asset-building and smoothing tools such as savings and insurance.
  2. In sub-Saharan Africa, where youth unemployment exceeds 30% and the economy is largely informal (85%), ​digital commerce is creating pathways to decent livelihoods and the formal economy. ​The iWorker phenomenon, workers who earn their living on digital platforms, is on the rise. Platform-based work can benefit youth workers not only by providing a livelihood in the absence of formal jobs, but by unlocking productive assets and financing that are essential to start and grow a business. Platforms also provide a “digital CV”, increased productivity and efficiency, and wraparound services of training and professionalization that enable younger workers to develop and succeed.

LEARN MORE ABOUT FIBR’S MSME WORK

FIBR developed an extensive body of research and insights in PAYGo solar and water as they related to digital and financial inclusion, particularly in digital transformation and payment flexibility. Two main takeaways include:

Two main takeaways include:

1. Customers value payment flexibility. Offering flexible financing implies turning rigid payment structures into ones that match income, is tied to tangible assets, is bundled with customer benefits, and gives customers more control.

2. PAYGo companies have shown that payment flexibility can be done successfully, but also require strong operational knowhow, business alignment, trust with customers, and extensive training to educate field staff and customers. Machine learning can be particularly effective at predictive repayment behaviors for which more tailored churn interventions can be created at the optimal servicing cost threshold.

LEARN MORE ABOUT FIBR’S PAYGO WORK

FIBR was employed as an R&D project, designed to build demonstration cases. It was not intended to reach scale but rather to test and explore pathways to scale in the next generation. As the program concluded, FIBR solutions reached over ​6,000 individuals​, with over 70% represented by micro and small enterprises, and young adults, ultimately disbursing over 6,000 loans through FIBR-designed solutions valued at over ​US$345,000​.

FIBR was managed by BFA with the support of Mastercard Foundation. The program launched in Accra, Ghana on February 25, 2016 and concluded in December 31st, 2019.

Featured Insights

The Gig is Up FIBR x Quartz Podcast Series
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Escaping Darkness: Understanding the Consumer Value in PAYGo Solar
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Escaping Darkness: Understanding the Consumer Value in PAYGo Solar

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Superplatforms: Inclusive Digital Ecosystems of the Future
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Superplatforms: Inclusive Digital Ecosystems of the Future

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The Potential of PAYGo for Achieving Water and Sanitation for All (SDG 6)
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The Potential of PAYGo for Achieving Water and Sanitation for All (SDG 6)

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The Sweet Spot: Designing Credit Solutions For Small Merchants
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The Sweet Spot: Designing Credit Solutions For Small Merchants

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PAYGo Solar: Lighting the Way for Flexible Financing Services
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PAYGo Solar: Lighting the Way for Flexible Financing Services

This briefing note examines four key industry challenges from a financial inclusion perspective that serve as the foundation for...

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Digital Solutions for Analog Agents

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Work and Employment Insights

Digital Ecosystems & Platforms Insights

Financial Ecosystem of MSEs Insights

PAYGo Solar and Water Insights

Can ‘PAYGo Finance’ Connect Investors to Low-Income Customers?
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Can PAYGo Unlock Access to Clean Water?
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How to design PAYGo operational models to improve repayment
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How to design PAYGo operational models to improve repayment

There has been a lot of work exploring why some pay-as-you-go (PAYGo) solar customers stop paying after they are...

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HOW UNBUNDLING OF THE PAYGO BUSINESS MODEL IS DRIVING MARKET EXPANSION
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Just five years ago new entrants to the PAYGo market had to be vertically integrated: under one roof, they...

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How financial institutions can deliver payment flexibility using lessons from PAYGo solar
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How Flexible Financing, Solar Panels and Data Could Be Key to Financial Inclusion
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The Odd Couple: PAYGo Solar and Financial Service Providers
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The Best of Both Worlds: Decoupling Financing from Distribution through FSP-Led PAYGo
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AI and Machine Learning Insights

Briefing Notes